Describe at least three different ways in which ethnography as a Essay

Describe at least three different ways in which ethnography as a research methodology and - Essay Example The three issues are of great importance to the African countries, because they directly influence the sociopolitical and economic development processes. The position of African women in political environment is a key cultural aspect. As from mid 1980s and early 1990s, women centered bodies have increasingly expanded operations and resources. Thus, women have been given adequate opportunities of illustrating and safeguarding their interests. Women are responsible for the unprecedented increase in the local and national women bodies, and also enhancing networking in the African continent. In majority of African countries, women organizations aggressively utilize the media to create awareness on their rights, in levels that were not seen before the 1980s. In certain African constituencies, women have illustrated their rights in terms of land ownership, property inheritance, and associational autonomy in the legal system. This is a very significant improvement in women welfare, which was rarely realized in the periods before the 1980s. Women leaders and many women organizations in Africa continuously challenge the laws, rules and legisl ations, which do not adhere to the concept of gender equality. Women leadership aims at effectively participating in the affairs of governance, legislation, political parties, non-governmental organizations, and the leadership positions in the private sectors of African countries (Cobbett, 2014). The key leadership positions in these areas were previously a reserve for the male members of the society. Therefore, women have effectively utilized the emerging political openings, which were realized mostly during the 1990s, even though the openings are insufficient and challenging. The second aspect of female activism in Africa is unique from the first activism realized during the early post independence period. The reasons for the changes are diverse as illustrated through; multi-partyism activities,

Analysis of performance management of Marks and Spencer with interview Essay

Analysis of performance management of Marks and Spencer with interview questions - Essay Example From this research it is clear that the multi-channel sale is one of the reasons why the company is successful in the U.K. The customers are also more fashion conscious and are less sensitive to prices. They would be ready to go for the trendiest clothes even if it is overly priced. The existences of competition in the market with other brands that are equally high priced have helped the brand to survive in the U.K. market with the high end products. There is abundance of shoppers in Britain who make their purchases from the high end stores. The people of the British Market are more conscious about their health. Therefore they would go for the luxury food products. The sales of these products reach the peak during Christmas. The company also has a strong brand presence in UK. Most of the shoppers go to the stores and are ready to pay high because of the label under which they are buying. Company’s approach towards dealing with the customers and understanding the pulse of the m arket was the reason for company’s sudden growth. When the strategy that our team took became successful in the homeland of the brand the senior management of Marks & Spencer took a decision to engage our entire team in China to understand the market situation and to help increase the sales figures in the country. Hence sending this team for handling the China market was again a strategic move by the senior management of M&S to increase the market share in China. ... The customers are also more fashion conscious and are less sensitive to prices. They would be ready to go for the trendiest clothes even if it is overly priced (Kurtz, 2010, p. 147). The existences of competition in the market with other brands that are equally high priced have helped the brand to survive in the U.K. market with the high end products. There is abundance of shoppers in Britain who make their purchases from the high end stores. The people of the British Market are more conscious about their health. Therefore they would go for the luxury food products. The sales of these products reach the peak during Christmas. The company also has a strong brand presence in UK. Most of the shoppers go to the stores and are ready to pay high because of the label under which they are buying. Company’s approach towards dealing with the customers and understanding the pulse of the market was the reason for company’s sudden growth. When the strategy that our team took became successful in the homeland of the brand the senior management of Marks & Spencer took a decision to engage our entire team in China to understand the market situation and to help increase the sales figures in the country. Hence sending this team for handling the China market was again a strategic move by the senior management of M&S to increase the market share in China. Our team had been entrusted with the duty of analyzing the market properly and to find out how the sales can be increased. The target market had to be identified and the pricing strategies had to be developed to make an impact on the bottom line. The brand commenced its operations in China in 2008. We opened up 14 stores in different parts of China. The shop

Conduct and interview Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Conduct and interview - Essay Example Women have always gotten very minimal opportunities to be involved in working in heavy industrial areas as this position is seen to mainly suit the men. Apparently, there are also very few women expertise involved in the same sector due to the perception that this is a male dominated area. In most instances, women will only be given the minor positions in such industrial areas and even the pay is seen to be less. The perception being that, it is just a favor for such women to be in such areas of expertise otherwise they are very vulnerable. Currently, there is an expert woman in chemical engineering who filed a complaint over not being given an equal opportunity in an interview for a position. This is still an evidence of some job areas being considered womanly or manly and thus the reason to this interview is of high value in order to understand gender issues at work places. Description of the interview This interview was conducted on the twenty ninth of March, 2013. The interview w as conducted at Shed Pharmaceuticals Company. It was only possible to carry out the interview after consulting with the senior human resource person in this company. I was given one of the offices that belong to the chief pharmacist as it offered more privacy and the interviewee also needed to be in a more comfortable situation without any distractions that would impede getting the correct information from the employee (Barret, 2006). The interviewee was a thirty eight year old at the highlight of her work career. Her name is Joan and she has two children one at age twelve, while the last born at age seven years. She lives as a single mother and thus she has to take care of her family needs which include providing education, food and shelter for the children. I particularly chose this interviewee because of the nature of position that she has in this company. She is one of the senior analysts of the pharmaceutical products that are produced in the company. She went through so much i n order to get to this position; therefore, she can tell best what some of the challenges are as a woman she has gone through during the highlight of her career. She is also the only woman in a team of five senior analysts and thus, it is what comes from her experience from working in a team of men whereby she is the only woman. Joan is also one the most convenient individual to contact for the interview as she has been in such a position under gender disparity in work places. More so, her area of specialization has always been perceived to be a male dominated area. Therefore, she is the most ideal individual for this type of interview. Summary of responses to the questions The ten questions were divided into three basic areas. Therefore, the summary will give a summary of the ten questions into the questions with the same agenda being made into one. One compacted questions during the interview process was based on opportunities given to women to express themselves and get a positio n in an interview. The main ideas under these questions involve the concept that women should be given even an upper hand during interviews especially in a situation that there are less women vying for the same position. I linked this to the notion that, less women are found in such areas of expertise and thus they should stand even better positions for positions like what Joan possessed. Her response According to Joan, yes

English - School Lunches Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

English - School Lunches - Research Paper Example As the school bell rings for lunch, children rush to the canteen to fill their hungry stomachs. Most schools have a menu from which children can select for their lunch. The lunch time for the kids is a time not only to energize themselves but also to sit with their friends and have a good time. However though, there are certain concerns which are going unnoticed by the school authorities. Concerns A lot of teachers have noticed a tired set of students attending the classes which are conducted after lunch. The reason for tiresome students has been the food they consume. Most schools though are not able to provide healthy food to the students. This has been a problem for most of the schools. In most schools, the menu for lunch reads a list of junk foods which is wrong. Looking at the menu, children have no other option but to consume them. The school authorities should take responsibilities and stop selling junk foods. One of the main reasons why junk food should be stopped is it affec ts the health of the children a lot. It is the major reason for child obesity. To be unfit and obese at a young age is a concern. Survey has shown that 32% of the youngsters are obese. One can accept the fact that such food is sold outside to earn money but it is unacceptable when such food is sold in schools. Due of the lack of fresh foods and healthy foods, students buy cheap junk foods. Pizzas, pastas, chips, cookies and burgers form the main menu in school lunches. Consumption of these means a lot of sugar is consumed by the children. School lunches have a high level of sugar content in them. Healthier food would mean that the obesity rate is reduced. Another reason why cafeterias should not serve junk food is that it keeps the energy levels of the children low. High energized food shall help the children to maintain good focus and participate in sports as well. Lunch is the most important since it falls in the middle of the day. Consuming junk food will extracts all the energy and reduces the physical activity. One cannot perform to their potential if they do not have enough energy. In one of the schools, children complained of less stamina while practicing soccer. When the coach investigated in their diet, he found out that most of them had a packet of chips and soda before practice. He advised them not to consume fried and fatty foods before exercising since it consumes most of the energy from the body. Studies have shown that the most commonly food consumed by children is cookies, candy, cakes and ice cream. This is also the reason for children losing energy during their noon classes. He stressed on the importance of consuming healthy and natural food which give energy to our bodies. Despite schools imparting knowledge to the children on how to remain healthy, sometimes they miss out on providing healthy food to them. The authorities should notice this and make sure that children are provided good food. Quality Most of the science classes teach the chi ldren that good food is the secret of a healthy life. However though, the same is not followed in schools. Authorities take a lot of effort to make sure that children get tasty food, but they miss out on the quality. In an era where health has been given primary importance, schools have neglected that. Parents have complained that their children are suffering from illness frequently and their immune systems have gone down. An inspection conducted by the officials brought a

Article Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Article - Assignment Example a. Selection: Depending on the two classes chosen, the demographics of the school itself can greatly influence the outcome of the experiment due to goals. Both classes belonged to a small public secondary school. Depending on who the subjects are, the outcome could be seen as different. c. Mortality: The dropping out of subjects can lead to an overall attrition but should not have an impact on the internal validity of the experiment. As long as the control group is consistent within the rest of the experiment, people dropping out only lessons the subject amount and not the quality of the subjects. d. Regression: This has to do with aiming towards to average. The people with the lowest score aim to get a higher mark because they can only â€Å"get better†. Instead of looking at it from and â€Å"improvement† standpoint, it is important to view the subjects as making gradual strides to improve instead of an obvious jump. e. Testing: If you repeatedly test a student, this could easily lead to a bias that causes change within the experiment. Subjects may remember the correct answer from previous questions and therefore, they are not coming from an unbiased perspective but instead, using memory to help them get through. Also, sometimes too much testing does not give enough room for actual growth. f. Instrumentation: Depending on what instruments or manipulatives is used during the experiment, the outcome can be different. The Partial experiment is different from the full experiment due to its implementations. g. History: History can affect the outcome because students are affected every day by their environment and therefore, without the control of the variables, nothing is consistent. This can greatly affect the experiment as history changes perspective. The findings of the study are that the pupils involved in the â€Å"full experiment† and the partial experiment scored differently due to exposure of manipulatives and

Peter singer and john arthur Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Peter singer and john arthur - Essay Example This may result in getting muddy and the clothes wet, but the fact that it has saved a life is justification enough.. Singer uses the argument that mass starvation and deaths due to hunger and suffering is preventable only if the affluent governments and the well off citizens donated more. Currently, rich governments and rich citizens are not under any moral obligation to help starving people and this is not ethically justified. Singer says that our morality needs to change along with our lifestyle and only then can we become more ethical people. People tend to look after their family and dear ones since they are bound by blood ties an they help someone nearby since the victims are within reach. According to Singer, one must be rid of this fallacy and be ready to help other, irrespective of the distances. Singer (1972) believes that the affluent and people should contribute to help the poor and the starving. According to Singer, the rich and affluent do not respond to famine situations in countries such as Bangladesh where over nine million people were starving because of a failing government, cyclone and failing harvests. According to the author, people do not donate liberally to such causes nor do they take any extra efforts to increase the awareness in their government to take any action. As per the argument that Singer uses, countries continue to fritter away their money on useless expenses such as the Concorde project that would cost 440 million GBP. Even individuals do not care to donate any sizeable amount to help the starving for whom the donation is a difference between life and death. Singer points out that every day, hundreds of people die of starvation in the world and people and governments of affluent nations do not care to help the people and stop people from being kil led. He relates this apathy to a type of murder and that people have come to take human life for granted. Singer

STRATEGIC OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

STRATEGIC OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT - Essay Example As mentioned above, Tesco is nothing less than a living legend since it has been able to survive for so many decades. Quite understandably, this has caught the attention many experts, professionals, and critics. They all wonder about that magic formula or approach or Tesco has, which has enabled it to fight, survive and grow. Tesco takes pride in revealing this magic formula and calls it as Tesco’s way. More importantly, this Tesco’s way was noticeable during the visit to the Magor’s distribution centre. Sophistication in technology, highly trained and capable staff to use the same, simple yet complete and spacious infrastructure, proper planning with back up plans for peak times, efforts undertaken to ensure employee satisfaction, micro management, proper communication amongst employees, acknowledgement of company’s goals by employees and others were showing a glimpse of what makes up the Tesco’s way. Without any doubts, Tesco’s operations revolve around the corporate objectives set by the top management and inherited by its founder Jack Cohen. Jack once said, â€Å"You cannot do business sitting on your ass† (Seth & Randall, pp. 212-213, 2001). Jack’s strategy was of constant hard work, innovation, change, adaptability, and openness to experience and Tesco has inherited the same from him. Constant growth, being valued by the customers, and having the most committed and loyal staff, becoming a global retailer having influence at all parts of the world and making Tesco a strong brand name even for non-food items. Moreover, for creating this value, Tesco believes that it should the understand the needs, cultures and mindset of its customers, create maximum employee satisfaction because it leads to customer satisfaction and divert all its strength, efforts, and innovation towards creating value for its customers. Another famous tagline of Tesco is